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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 51

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In reinforcement theory,extinction refers to a strategy of responding to undesirable behavior with negative reinforcements,such as verbally reprimanding an employee in front of his peers.

A) True
B) False

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Question 52

Multiple Choice

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A college graduate with a degree in Psychology,Diana is in no hurry to find a job.In fact,she has elected to continue her education until she decides on the type of career she would like to pursue.Although she really likes some aspects of marketing,social work and social causes also appeal to her.Having worked part-time in a small business during college,she also thinks that working in her own business,independent of the control of others may also be the way to go.Diana is typical of:

A) Baby boomers.
B) Generation X.
C) Generation Y.
D) Generation J.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Question 53

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Bianca is conducting an experiment to determine how temperatures affect the productivity of employees.She has just completed the first phase of her experiment,in which she had a group of employees perform job related tasks in a special room where the temperature was 10 degrees cooler than on the factory floor.The employees in the experimental group consistently outperformed employees in the factory.The Hawthorne effect suggests that the most likely reason for this improvement in performance is that the cooler working conditions allowed the employees in the experiment to work harder without getting tired.

According to McGregor,Theory X managers assume that employees dislike work,and will avoid it if possible.

The management by objectives model devised by Peter Drucker works best in a dynamic,rapidly changing business environment,where management makes short-term plans.

According to Maslow,it is impossible to rank human needs in any logical order.

Theory X managers are likely to believe that:

Task identity refers to the degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of others in the company.

Expectancy theory says that employees will be motivated if: 1)They can actually achieve the task;2)they will be rewarded for their achievement;3)the reward will be worthy of their effort.

Theory Y managers adhere to the principle that most people do not work to their fullest intellectual potential.

According to Herzberg,which of the following groups of motivational factors would give employees the most satisfaction?

Frederick Taylor's goal was to find ways to improve worker motivation by making work more interesting and challenging.

Company A just bought one of their competitors (Company B) .The CEO announced last week that employees at the newly acquired firm (Company B) will get raises that are equal to what persons doing the same jobs at Company A are making.The announcement has caused quite a stir at Company A because it is common knowledge that the culture at Company B is quite different from their culture.For one thing,Company B employees take hour-long lunches,while Company A lunch breaks are ½ hour.Company B employees get another ½ hour each day for exercise,while Company A employees have never enjoyed this privilege.Company B employees expect three weeks vacation each year,while Company A employees get two weeks only after they have been with the company for three years.If the CEO goes through with his plans,which of the following is a response that he is likely to get from employees at the combined company?

Theory Y managers assume that the main factor that motivates most employees is the desire to earn more money.

For management by objectives to be successful,employees must be willing to accept the objectives set by top management without question and without hesitation.

At Blastoff.com,a web-based auction headquartered in upstate New York,when employees are at the company's main office,they do not expect to necessarily sit at the same desk everyday.They may decide to situate in a projection room;in a temporary soundproof room,or in one of several lounge areas in the building.They may locate next to someone outside of their functional area.Blastoff management believes that breaking down barriers fosters more communication and innovation,and makes jobs more interesting.

As the marketing manager for Chipper's Golf Resort,you hired interns from the local university to go out and sell your annual golf event.You provided each of three interns with their own list of past sponsors,participants,and prize contributors.You also asked each to create their own marketing plan in order to secure five new sponsors in the next four weeks,and promised them a bonus at the end of the fourth week,if they could verify that they followed their own plan,contacted everyone on their list;and,developed five new sponsors.Essentially,each would have ownership in his/her success.During the fourth week,you randomly contacted a few sponsors on each of the three lists and quickly learn that one of the interns had slacked-off on the job.When you met with each of the three interns,you withheld the bonus from the one that did not do the job and informed him that his internship grade will reflect the fact that he was not motivated to get the job done.Which theory did you initially follow,and which theory did you utilize to assess the intern that did not perform his/her job?

Although Elton Mayo originally intended to collect data for a traditional scientific management study,his break-through research led to further research on the kinds of things that drive employees to successfully meet and exceed productivity goals at work.

Which of the following practices would be most consistent with the views of scientific management?

____________ is based on the notion that setting ambitious but attainable goals will improve motivation and performance if the goals are accepted,accompanied by feedback,and facilitated by organizational conditions.