Question 1

Drugs often seem to work in a manner by reaching higher areas of the cortex where thinking occurs last. This is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   consolidation
B)   confabulation
C)   top-down processing
D)   bottom-up processingE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Describe the diathesis-stress model. Use it to explain how one identical twin suffers from clinical depression while the other does not.

Accepted Answer

This model argues that a diathesis is a ...

Question 3

According to Eric Erikson, people

Accepted Answer

A)   only experience major change in adulthood.
B)   are fully developed by age 50.
C)   experience eight typical developmental crises across time.
D)   experience no developmental changes after adolescence.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Studies regarding rat learning and brain structure by Greenough, et al. (1990)  and Wallace, et al. (1992)  suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)   early experiences such as learning cause physical changes in the brain.
B)   psychopathology is the result of early learning experiences.
C)   while psychopathology is often a result of early life experiences, it is generally due to the physical changes in the brain that such experiences cause.
D)   genetically caused brain structure problems can be corrected by positive life experiences.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Behavioral influences in the multidimensional model include

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned Responses.
B)   cultural Factors.
C)   genetics.
D)   violation of Social Norms.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

For most people, perception and the creation of images are usually handled by the .

Accepted Answer

A)   left hemisphere of the cortex
B)   entire cortex
C)   midbrain
D)   right hemisphere of the cortexE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Briefly explain the differences between the one-dimensional versus the multidimensional models of psychopathology.

Accepted Answer

The one-dimensional model, also called t...

Question 8

The system. coordinates movement with sensory input and contains parts of the reticular activating

Accepted Answer

A)   hindbrain
B)   midbrain
C)   cerebral cortex
D)   forebrainE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The area between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron is the .

Accepted Answer

A)   axon terminal
B)   soma
C)   synaptic cleft
D)   transmission cleftE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

According to the diathesis-stress model, psychopathology is the result of the

Accepted Answer

A)   interaction between normal and defective or damaged genes.
B)   stress level of an individual and how stress is managed in a person's life.
C)   family history of an individual.
D)   interaction of an inherited tendency and events in a person's life.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

GABA, dopamine, and norepinephrine are all examples of .

Accepted Answer

A)   electrical brain waves
B)   neurons
C)   neurotransmitters
D)   areas of the brainE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Research exposing subjects to the virus that causes the common cold (Cohen et al., 1997)  demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)   the lower the individual's socialization, the lower the chances of contracting a cold.
B)   the greater the individual's socialization, the lower the chances of contracting a cold.
C)   extent of socialization and chances of contracting a cold were unrelated.
D)   the quality of social contact predicted whether the individual would contract a cold, but the frequency of social contact did not.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 13

In a recent study (Petrovic, Kalso, Peterson & Ingvar, 2002) , subjects were exposed to a painful stimulus (heat to the hand)  under three conditions: opiate medication, placebo (sugar pill)  medication, and no medication. Brain scans indicated that a subject's experience of reduced pain with the placebo is due to

Accepted Answer

A)   activation of brain regions identical to those activated by opiate medication.
B)   activation of brain regions that are overlapping, but not identical, to those activated by opiate medication.
C)   psychological expectation since a placebo does not activate brain regions associated with pain control.
D)   similarities in activated brain regions during the "no medication" condition.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Learned helplessness is demonstrated in laboratory animals by

Accepted Answer

A)   creating aversive stimuli (such as electrical shocks to the foot)  that the animal can control.
B)   creating aversive stimuli (such as electrical shocks to the foot)  that the animal cannot control.
C)   creating pleasant stimuli (such as a food pellet)  that the animal cannot control.
D)   creating pleasant stimuli (such as a food pellet)  that the animal can control.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Some people may be genetically predisposed to seek out difficult relationships. These difficult relationships may contribute to their experience of depression. This is an example of the .

Accepted Answer

A)   diathesis-stress model
B)   reciprocal gene-environment model
C)   genetic model
D)   quantitative genetics modelE) A) and B)
F) B) and D) B

Question 16

Most psychological disorders appear to be influenced by many individual genes rather than caused by one single gene, a process referred to as influence.

Accepted Answer

A)   multigenic
B)   polygenic
C)   unigenic
D)   morphogenicE) A) and C)
F) None of the above B

Question 17

Anxious males tend to have a higher rate of alcoholism than females. One likely explanation for this difference is that men are

Accepted Answer

A)   more likely to use alcohol to deal with anxiety than to admit they are afraid.
B)   less likely to be fearful of becoming alcoholic.
C)   exposed to alcohol more often than women are.
D)   more likely to see alcohol as a good long-term solution to problems such as anxiety.E) None of the above
F) All of the above A

Question 18

The idea that our inherited tendencies influence the probability that we will encounter stressful life events is a characteristic of the _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   diathesis-stress model
B)   reciprocal gene-environment model
C)   genetic model
D)   psycho-social modelE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Inga is a charming and intelligent young lady who is well-liked by family and friends. Approximately of Inga's enduring personality traits and cognitive abilities can be attributed to genetic influence.

Accepted Answer

A)   25%
B)   50%
C)   75%
D)   100%E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Your uncle spent most of his teen years in a hospital undergoing treatment for a severe physical illness. As an adult, he is rather shy and withdrawn, particularly around women. He has been diagnosed with social phobia, which you believe is entirely due to lack of socialization during his teen years. Your theory or model of what caused his phobia is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   multidimensional
B)   integrative
C)   one-dimensional
D)   biologicalE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Exam 2: An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology

Drugs often seem to work in a manner by reaching higher areas of the cortex where thinking occurs last. This is called _____________.

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the diathesis-stress model. Use it to explain how one identical twin suffers from clinical depression while the other does not.

Correct Answer
verified
This model argues that a diathesis is a ...
View Answer

According to Eric Erikson, people

Correct Answer
verified

Studies regarding rat learning and brain structure by Greenough, et al. (1990) and Wallace, et al. (1992) suggest that

Correct Answer
verified

Behavioral influences in the multidimensional model include

Correct Answer
verified

For most people, perception and the creation of images are usually handled by the .

Correct Answer
verified

Briefly explain the differences between the one-dimensional versus the multidimensional models of psychopathology.

Correct Answer
verified
The one-dimensional model, also called t...
View Answer

The system. coordinates movement with sensory input and contains parts of the reticular activating

Correct Answer
verified

The area between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron is the .

Correct Answer
verified

According to the diathesis-stress model, psychopathology is the result of the

Correct Answer
verified

GABA, dopamine, and norepinephrine are all examples of .

Correct Answer
verified

Research exposing subjects to the virus that causes the common cold (Cohen et al., 1997) demonstrated that

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Learned helplessness is demonstrated in laboratory animals by

Correct Answer
verified

Some people may be genetically predisposed to seek out difficult relationships. These difficult relationships may contribute to their experience of depression. This is an example of the .

Correct Answer
verified
B

Most psychological disorders appear to be influenced by many individual genes rather than caused by one single gene, a process referred to as influence.

Correct Answer
verified
B

Anxious males tend to have a higher rate of alcoholism than females. One likely explanation for this difference is that men are

Correct Answer
verified
A

The idea that our inherited tendencies influence the probability that we will encounter stressful life events is a characteristic of the _________________.

Correct Answer
verified

Inga is a charming and intelligent young lady who is well-liked by family and friends. Approximately of Inga's enduring personality traits and cognitive abilities can be attributed to genetic influence.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology

Drugs often seem to work in a manner by reaching higher areas of the cortex where thinking occurs last. This is called _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the diathesis-stress model. Use it to explain how one identical twin suffers from clinical depression while the other does not.

Correct AnswerverifiedThis model argues that a diathesis is a ...View AnswerShow Answer

According to Eric Erikson, people

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies regarding rat learning and brain structure by Greenough, et al. (1990) and Wallace, et al. (1992) suggest that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behavioral influences in the multidimensional model include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For most people, perception and the creation of images are usually handled by the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly explain the differences between the one-dimensional versus the multidimensional models of psychopathology.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe one-dimensional model, also called t...View AnswerShow Answer

The system. coordinates movement with sensory input and contains parts of the reticular activating

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The area between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron is the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the diathesis-stress model, psychopathology is the result of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

GABA, dopamine, and norepinephrine are all examples of .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research exposing subjects to the virus that causes the common cold (Cohen et al., 1997) demonstrated that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Learned helplessness is demonstrated in laboratory animals by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some people may be genetically predisposed to seek out difficult relationships. These difficult relationships may contribute to their experience of depression. This is an example of the .

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Most psychological disorders appear to be influenced by many individual genes rather than caused by one single gene, a process referred to as influence.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Anxious males tend to have a higher rate of alcoholism than females. One likely explanation for this difference is that men are

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The idea that our inherited tendencies influence the probability that we will encounter stressful life events is a characteristic of the _________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inga is a charming and intelligent young lady who is well-liked by family and friends. Approximately of Inga's enduring personality traits and cognitive abilities can be attributed to genetic influence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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This model argues that a diathesis is a ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The one-dimensional model, also called t...
View Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B

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B

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A

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Correct Answer
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