Question 1

Clays often have positively-charged surfaces.How may this have been important in the formation of organic macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are a source of ATP to run chemical reactions.
B)  They form covalent bonds with organic building blocks.
C)  They can form templates by binding organic building blocks.
D)  They are a source of oxygen to break down organic building blocks.
E)  They are formed from meteorites that carried organic molecules to Earth.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

The largest algae are

Accepted Answer

A)  kelp.
B)  diatoms.
C)  red algae.
D)  golden algae.
E)  green algaE.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Mycologists classify fungi into phyla based on their sexual structures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Dormant thick-walled structures that allow some bacteria to survive harsh conditions are

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmids.
B)  pili.
C)  ribosomes.
D)  flagella.
E)  endospores.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Chytridiomycetes produce enzymes that digest cellulose,chitin,and similar molecules.These fungi are contributing to the decline of amphibians world-wide through what mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  by infecting their lungs
B)  by digesting keratin in the frog's skin
C)  by killing their eggs in the water
D)  by digesting chitin in the cell wall of the frog's cells
E)  by digesting cellulose in the cell wall of the frog's cellsF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

In the section "Investigating Life: The Battle for Position in Cacao Tree Leaves",did the age of the leaf at the time of treatment affect the ability of endophytes to protect the plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  No - the mature leaves treated with endophytes had about the same level of damage as young leaves without endophytes.
B)  Yes - young leaves were more susceptible to damage even in the presence of endophytes.
C)  No - the endophytes could protect the plants if applied to young or old leaves.
D)  Yes - the mature leaves treated with endophytes showed the highest level of damage.
E)  Yes - the young leaves with endophytes had less damage than the mature leaves with endophytes.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Based on the endosymbiont theory,which of the following would you expect to find in a chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

A)  cellulose
B)  a nucleus
C)  silica
D)  DNA
E)  a mitochondrionF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Molecular evidence places fungi closer to plants than animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A substance produced by brown algae that is used as an emulsifying and thickening agent in many foods and other products is

Accepted Answer

A)  agar.
B)  red ooze.
C)  gelatin.
D)  carageenan.
E)  algin.F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 10

Which theory explains the origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  the theory of evolution
B)  the theory of natural selection
C)  the geologic time theory
D)  the cell theory
E)  the endosymbiont theoryF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Unlike plant cells,fungal cells lack which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria
B)  chloroplasts
C)  cell walls
D)  nuclei
E)  cytoplasmF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

The individual microscopic filaments that make up most of a multicellular fungus are

Accepted Answer

A)  hyphae.
B)  spores.
C)  fruiting bodies.
D)  gills.
E)  chitin.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D) A

Question 13

Clues from geology and paleontology suggest that simple cells or their precursors arose about

Accepted Answer

A)  six billion years ago.
B)  six million years ago.
C)  four billion years ago.
D)  four million years ago.
E)  one million years ago.F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Zygospores are formed by

Accepted Answer

A)  chytridiomycotA.
B)  ascomycota.
C)  zygomycota.
D)  basidiomycota.
E)  glomeromycota.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Why are lichens a good indicator of environmental quality?

Accepted Answer

A)  They cannot absorb toxins.
B)  If the air is polluted they cannot get enough sunlight for photosynthesis.
C)  They cannot excrete absorbed toxins.
D)  If the soil is polluted they cannot produce roots.
E)  Toxins inhibit their reproduction.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

The first cells probably arose about

Accepted Answer

A)  500 million years ago.
B)  1.2 billion years ago.
C)  two billion years ago.
D)  six billion years ago.
E)  four billion years ago.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 17

Entamoeba histolytica can cause amoebic dysentery.It moves using pseudopodia,feeds heterotrophically,and is unicellular.Entamoeba histolytica is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a protozoan
B)  an alga
C)  a slime mold
D)  a diatom
E)  a dinoflagellateF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 18

The rigid barrier that surrounds most prokaryotes is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane.
B)  flagellum.
C)  ribosome.
D)  cell wall.
E)  cytoplasm.F) None of the above
G) A) and E) D

Question 19

Microscopic reproductive cells produced by most fungi are

Accepted Answer

A)  hyphae.
B)  fruiting bodies.
C)  mycelia.
D)  gills.
E)  spores.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Most bacteria inside and on the human body cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life

Clays often have positively-charged surfaces.How may this have been important in the formation of organic macromolecules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The largest algae are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mycologists classify fungi into phyla based on their sexual structures.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Dormant thick-walled structures that allow some bacteria to survive harsh conditions are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chytridiomycetes produce enzymes that digest cellulose,chitin,and similar molecules.These fungi are contributing to the decline of amphibians world-wide through what mechanism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the section "Investigating Life: The Battle for Position in Cacao Tree Leaves",did the age of the leaf at the time of treatment affect the ability of endophytes to protect the plants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the endosymbiont theory,which of the following would you expect to find in a chloroplast?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Molecular evidence places fungi closer to plants than animals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A substance produced by brown algae that is used as an emulsifying and thickening agent in many foods and other products is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory explains the origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike plant cells,fungal cells lack which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The individual microscopic filaments that make up most of a multicellular fungus are

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Clues from geology and paleontology suggest that simple cells or their precursors arose about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Zygospores are formed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are lichens a good indicator of environmental quality?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first cells probably arose about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Entamoeba histolytica can cause amoebic dysentery.It moves using pseudopodia,feeds heterotrophically,and is unicellular.Entamoeba histolytica is which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The rigid barrier that surrounds most prokaryotes is the

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Microscopic reproductive cells produced by most fungi are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most bacteria inside and on the human body cause disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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True

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A

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D

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