Question 1

By age 51,most women enter menopause.This is an example of how a biological process can exert a _____ influence on development.

Accepted Answer

A)  normative history-graded
B)  nonnormative multidirectional
C)  normative age-graded
D)  nonnormative age-gradedE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Human infants go through an attachment period.John Bowlby calls this a ______ period,meaning that for optimal development attachment should occur during this period.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive
B)  critical
C)  sensitive
D)  severe attachmentE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of Urie Bronfenbrenner's environmental systems consists of the patterning of environmental events and transitions over the life course,as well as sociohistorical circumstances?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mesosystem
B)  Chronosystem
C)  Macrosystem
D)  ExosystemE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Cynthia is conducting a survey on the prevalence and patterns of substance abuse in her city.Which of the following problems is she likely to encounter while using this method of data collection?

Accepted Answer

A)  The assumption that a person's behavior is consistent and stable.
B)  The inability to sample a large number of people.
C)  The assumption that surveys have to be conducted only in person.
D)  Some participants may not tell the truth and instead give socially acceptable answers.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the "young-old" is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are people between 60 and 65 years of age.
B)  They have little potential for physical and cognitive fitness.
C)  They show considerable loss in cognitive skills.
D)  They can develop strategies to cope with the gains and losses of aging.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Two developmental psychologists are having a conversation.One believes in the traditional approach of developmental change,whereas the other believes in the life-span approach.The two are most likely to differ on:

Accepted Answer

A)  whether developmental change starts at birth or at conception.
B)  whether the tabula rasa or the innate goodness positions were correct.
C)  whether most developmental change occurs from birth to adolescence or throughout adulthood as well as childhood.
D)  whether the earlier theorists,such as Freud and Jung,were correct or whether the later theorists such as Piaget and Skinner were correct about developmental change.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Fernando believes that as individuals adapt to their environment,development,or phylogeny occurs.He further believes that there are critical periods that have also been selected for.He is most likely taking a(n) _____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral
B)  ethological
C)  social cognitive
D)  psychoanalyticE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 8

The concept of discontinuity is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  qualitative change.
B)  quantitative change.
C)  collective change.
D)  measured change.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

List and briefly describe Urie Bronfenbrenner's five environmental systems.

Accepted Answer

Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory ident...

Question 10

Explain eclectic theoretical orientation.What is the merit in using such an orientation?

Accepted Answer

An eclectic theoretical orientation is o...

Question 11

The final stage of Erik Erikson's developmental theory is:

Accepted Answer

A)  generativity versus stagnation.
B)  trust versus mistrust.
C)  integrity versus despair.
D)  intimacy versus isolation.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Dr.Jackson's research has found that the correlation between IQ and head circumference is +.10.From this information,we can conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A)  people with large heads have a higher IQ than people with smaller heads.
B)  there is a weak relationship between head size and IQ.
C)  people with small heads tend to have a higher IQ than people with large heads.
D)  head circumference is an important predictor of IQ.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Dr.Drew is a scientist interested in the effects of music on cognitive development.Which of the following describes the sequence he should go through?

Accepted Answer

A)  Collect data,conceptualize a process or problem to be studied,analyze data,and draw conclusions.
B)  Conceptualize a process or problem to be studied,collect data,analyze data,and draw conclusions.
C)  Collect data,analyze data,conceptualize a process or problem to be studied,and draw conclusions.
D)  Conceptualize a process or problem to be studied,draw conclusions,collect data,and analyze data.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

The _____ approach to the study of development emphasizes extensive change from birth to adolescence,especially during infancy,little or no change in adulthood,and decline in old age.

Accepted Answer

A)  prescriptive
B)  constructivist
C)  traditional
D)  evolutionaryE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Two concepts that help provide a framework for describing and understanding an individual's development are:

Accepted Answer

A)  developmental attributes and behavior.
B)  developmental characteristics and traits.
C)  developmental challenges and opportunities.
D)  developmental processes and periods.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Gina's therapist attributes her delinquent behavior to heredity and to the gross neglect she suffered as a baby at the hands of her alcoholic mother.Gina's therapist appears to be emphasizing the _____ aspect of her development.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality
B)  life-long learning
C)  discontinuity
D)  stabilityE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Sandrine is now able to use abstract thought as well as logic; Piaget would argue that she is in the _____ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational
B)  concrete operational
C)  formal operational
D)  conceptual operationalE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 18

In the continuity-discontinuity issue in development,continuity refers to _____,while discontinuity implies _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  abrupt change; stability
B)  gradual change; distinct stages
C)  qualitative change; quantitative change
D)  discrete stages; gradationsE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

According to Piaget's theory,two processes underlie children's cognitive construction of the world:

Accepted Answer

A)  assimilation and generalization.
B)  adaptation and abstraction.
C)  association and abstraction.
D)  organization and adaptation.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 20

When she was a child,Anna's home was wrecked by a tornado and her neighbor was killed.More than 30 years later,she is still terrified of storms.This is an example of how a ____ event can influence a person's development.

Accepted Answer

A)  normative age-graded
B)  normative generational
C)  nonnormative life
D)  normative history-gradedE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 1: Introduction

Human infants go through an attachment period.John Bowlby calls this a ______ period,meaning that for optimal development attachment should occur during this period.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain eclectic theoretical orientation.What is the merit in using such an orientation?

Correct AnswerverifiedAn eclectic theoretical orientation is o...View AnswerShow Answer

Two developmental psychologists are having a conversation.One believes in the traditional approach of developmental change,whereas the other believes in the life-span approach.The two are most likely to differ on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two concepts that help provide a framework for describing and understanding an individual's development are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sandrine is now able to use abstract thought as well as logic; Piaget would argue that she is in the _____ stage of development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr.Jackson's research has found that the correlation between IQ and head circumference is +.10.From this information,we can conclude that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concept of discontinuity is characterized by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By age 51,most women enter menopause.This is an example of how a biological process can exert a _____ influence on development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gina's therapist attributes her delinquent behavior to heredity and to the gross neglect she suffered as a baby at the hands of her alcoholic mother.Gina's therapist appears to be emphasizing the _____ aspect of her development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cynthia is conducting a survey on the prevalence and patterns of substance abuse in her city.Which of the following problems is she likely to encounter while using this method of data collection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the "young-old" is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the continuity-discontinuity issue in development,continuity refers to _____,while discontinuity implies _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget's theory,two processes underlie children's cognitive construction of the world:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr.Drew is a scientist interested in the effects of music on cognitive development.Which of the following describes the sequence he should go through?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ approach to the study of development emphasizes extensive change from birth to adolescence,especially during infancy,little or no change in adulthood,and decline in old age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of Urie Bronfenbrenner's environmental systems consists of the patterning of environmental events and transitions over the life course,as well as sociohistorical circumstances?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fernando believes that as individuals adapt to their environment,development,or phylogeny occurs.He further believes that there are critical periods that have also been selected for.He is most likely taking a(n) _____ approach.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When she was a child,Anna's home was wrecked by a tornado and her neighbor was killed.More than 30 years later,she is still terrified of storms.This is an example of how a ____ event can influence a person's development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List and briefly describe Urie Bronfenbrenner's five environmental systems.

Correct AnswerverifiedBronfenbrenner's ecological theory ident...View AnswerShow Answer

The final stage of Erik Erikson's developmental theory is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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An eclectic theoretical orientation is o...
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In the continuity-discontinuity issue in development,continuity refers to _,while discontinuity implies _.

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Correct Answer
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Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory ident...
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Correct Answer
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