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Exam 2: Biological Beginnings

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following is true of phenylketonuria?

A) It results from a recessive gene.
B) It is a chromosomal disorder.
C) It results in death by the age of five.
D) It is caused by an accumulation of lipids in the nervous system.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following is true of mitosis?

A) Mitosis is the cellular reproduction that occurs to form the sperm and the egg cells.
B) Mitosis results in the formation of four new cells.
C) Mitosis results in the formation of new cells with 23 pairs of chromosomes.
D) Mitosis results in the formation of three new cells.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Question 23

Multiple Choice

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Melody and Harmony are identical twins.This means that they developed from:

Tamera has a genetic disorder where her red blood cells take on a hook shape instead of the normal disk shape.The doctors tell Tamera's parents that she has _____,and that this condition also provides her with a resistance to malaria.

Emma and Anna are identical twins who were adopted by different families a few weeks after birth.Although genetically identical,they grew up with different physical and psychological characteristics.For example,though both inherited a tendency to grow large,Anna was slim and athletic due to the active lifestyle practiced in her adoptive family.This variability can be explained by how:

Palomar is pregnant.During the early stages of her pregnancy,the single zygote splits into two genetically identical replicas.Her doctor tells her she is going to have _____ twins.

Samantha has been diagnosed with _____,which is a glandular dysfunction that interferes with mucus production.

Benny has been diagnosed with a gene-linked abnormality characterized by deceleration of mental and physical development caused by an accumulation of lipids in the nervous system.He has been put on medication and a special diet,but his family has been told that he will probably not live beyond the age of five.Benny is suffering from:

Jule's 23^rd chromosome pair consists of an X chromosome and a Y chromosome.This indicates that Jule:

What are the three ways that heredity and environment are correlated as described by behavior geneticist Sandra Scarr.

Gwendolyn is having a prenatal test where her doctor uses high-frequency sound waves directed into her abdomen to check her fetus.She is most likely having a(n) _____.

Define Gene  environment (G  E)interaction.Give an example of a study (either your own or one from the book)that could illustrate the interaction between genes and the environment.

Name and describe three prenatal diagnostic tests.

List five gene-linked abnormalities.

For each genotype,a range of _____ can be expressed,thus providing a source of variability.

_____ is a gene-linked abnormality in which the central nervous system deteriorates,producing problems in muscle coordination and mental deterioration.

Jason was born with _____.The doctor tells his parents that this genetic disorder occurred because he has an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Tom is a tall man with undeveloped testes and enlarged breasts.His doctor has determined that he has an extra X chromosome leading to the diagnosis of:

Except for the sperm and the egg,all cells in the human body have _____ chromosomes.

_____ are the building blocks of cells as well as the regulators that direct the body's processes.