A) obsolete.
B) proving all former measurement of health as faulty.
C) being discounted and rendered worthless by the World Bank.
D) more difficult to measure.
F) A) and B)
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A) there is a severe backlog in the research and development sector of pharmaceutical companies.
B) there is little financial incentive because the nations with these diseases are poor.
C) the emphasis in disease prevention is undergoing a transition from vaccines to medical patches and sprays.
D) most scientists believe all diseases mutate, and cures will never be truly found.
F) A) and B)
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1. Meaning and Significance of Panama Ca...View Answer
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A) mortality
B) morbidity
C) life expectancy
D) none of the above
F) B) and C)
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A) drowning.
B) diarrhea.
C) malaria.
D) roundworm parasites.
F) A) and C)
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Epidemiologic Transition:
1. Meaning an...View Answer
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1. Meaning an...
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A) clothing and apparel.
B) better housing.
C) food.
D) health care.
F) A) and C)
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A) improved advances in food distribution.
B) improvements in education.
C) vaccine development for tropical diseases.
D) public health discoveries.
F) A) and C)
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Tuberculosis (TB) and Directly Observed ...View Answer
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Morbidity refers to the state of being diseased or unhealthy within a population. It is a measure of the incidence or prevalence of a disease or the degree of illness associated with a particular health condition. Morbidity rates can help public health officials understand the impact of various illnesses and conditions on a community's health and can guide decisions on where to allocate resources for prevention and treatment efforts. Morbidity can be measured in various ways, including the incidence rate (the number of new cases of a disease in a given period of time) and the prevalence rate (the total number of cases, both new and existing, at a particular point in time).
Mortality, on the other hand, refers to the incidence of death within a population. Mortality rates are a critical measure in public health and are often used to assess the overall health of a population. These rates can be measured in terms of overall death rates or as age-specific or cause-specific mortality rates. Mortality data can help identify public health priorities and evaluate the effectiveness of health interventions and policies.
The relationship between morbidity and mortality is significant in understanding the health of a population. High morbidity can lead to increased mortality, especially if the diseases or conditions are life-threatening or if they lead to complications that increase the risk of death. Conversely, a reduction in morbidity through effective public health interventions can lead to a decrease in mortality rates. Additionally, morbidity can affect the quality of life for individuals and can have economic impacts due to lost productivity and increased healthcare costs, which in turn can have broader societal implications.
In summary, morbidity and mortality are key concepts in public health that describe the presence of disease and the occurrence of death within a population, respectively. Their relationship is intertwined, as changes in the patterns of disease (morbidity) can directly influence the rates of death (mortality) in a community. Understanding both terms and their connection is essential for developing strategies to improve health outcomes and extend life expectancy.
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A) Africa.
B) South America.
C) Asia.
D) Europe.
F) A) and D)
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HIV/AIDS and antiretroviral drugs (ARVs)...View Answer
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Health and income are two distinct but i...View Answer
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A) Canada.
B) Nicaragua.
C) Paraguay.
D) Peru.
F) C) and D)
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D
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Diarrhea:
Diarrhea is a common condition characterized by frequent, loose, or watery bowel movements. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections, food intolerances, diseases of the digestive system, and side effects of certain medications. Diarrhea is significant because it can lead to dehydration due to excessive loss of fluids and electrolytes. In severe cases, especially in young children and the elderly, this can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Diarrhea is also a major cause of malnutrition and can contribute to the cycle of poverty in areas where access to clean water and sanitation is limited.
Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT):
Oral Rehydration Therapy is a simple, cost-effective treatment used to prevent and treat dehydration caused by diarrhea. ORT involves the administration of a solution made with clean water, sugar, and salts, specifically sodium and potassium. The solution is carefully formulated to ensure the electrolyte balance is suitable for the body to absorb. ORT is significant because it has been instrumental in reducing the mortality rate associated with diarrheal diseases, particularly among children in developing countries. It is a cornerstone of public health interventions for diarrheal illness and is widely recommended by health organizations worldwide.
Relationship between Diarrhea and Oral Rehydration Therapy:
The relationship between diarrhea and Oral Rehydration Therapy is that ORT is used to treat the dehydration caused by diarrhea. When a person has diarrhea, they lose not only water but also essential electrolytes that are critical for the normal functioning of the body. ORT helps to replenish these lost fluids and electrolytes, thus preventing the severe consequences of dehydration. By using ORT, it is possible to treat most cases of dehydration resulting from diarrhea without the need for intravenous fluids, making it an accessible and practical solution, especially in resource-limited settings. The widespread use of ORT has significantly reduced the mortality rate associated with diarrheal diseases globally.
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A) 2-4 percent
B) 8-10 percent
C) 15-20 percent
D) 100 percent
F) A) and C)
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A) The use of condoms was mandatory in brothels.
B) Health officials provided free boxes of condoms.
C) Local police held meetings with brothel owners and sex workers.
D) A program encouraged teens and young adults to use condoms in noncommercial sex.
F) B) and C)
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A) malaria.
B) HIV/AIDS.
C) tuberculosis.
D) none of the above.
F) B) and C)
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Market Failure:
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Life Expectancy:
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