Question 1

In the diaphysis of a typical long bone which of the following structures is in closest proximity to the trabeculae of cancellous bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Interstitial lamellae
B)   Osteons
C)   Sharpey fibers
D)   Outer circumferential lamellae
E)   Inner circumferential lamellaeF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

A 25-year-old man presents with persistent joint pain and a history of recurrent fractures of each humerus. His hematocrit and complete blood count (CBC)  are normal, but blood calcium levels are high. Hormone levels are all within normal ranges except PTH that exceeds normal by threefold. Which if the following could be prescribed to offset the effects of the elevated PTH?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vitamin D
B)   Vitamin C
C)   Recombinant RANK ligand
D)   Somatotrophin (growth hormone) 
E)   CalcitoninF) A) and D)
G) B) and D) E

Question 3

A 46-year-old woman presents with pain in the left leg that worsens on weight bearing. An x-ray shows demineralization, and a bone biopsy decalcified with EDTA shows reduction in bone quantity. The patient had undergone menopause at age 45 without estrogen replacement. She reports long-standing diarrhea. In addition, laboratory tests show low levels of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus, and elevated alkaline phosphatase. A second bone biopsy was taken but not decalcified, which showed extensive deposition of uncalcified osteoid on all the bone surfaces. On the basis of these data, the best diagnosis would be which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteoporosis
B)   Scurvy
C)   Osteomalacia
D)   Rickets
E)   HypoparathyroidismF) B) and E)
G) D) and E) C

Question 4

Which if the following most accurately describes compact bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Predominant bone type in the epiphyses of adult long bones
B)   Also known as cancellous bone
C)   Characterized by the presence of osteons
D)   Lines the medullary (marrow)  cavity
E)   Forms the diploë in cranial bonesF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Which "zone" of endochondral ossification in the growing femur of an adolescent is the farthest from that bone's secondary ossification center?

Accepted Answer

A)   Zone of hypertrophy
B)   Zone of reserve cartilage
C)   Zone of calcified cartilage
D)   Zone of ossification
E)   Zone of proliferationF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Which component of bone impedes the distribution of nutrients and oxygen to osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)   ECM
B)   Canaliculi
C)   Periosteum
D)   Cell processes
E)   Haversian canalsF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following most accurately describes the endosteum?

Accepted Answer

A)   Composed of two layers: osteogenic and fibrous
B)   Continuous with the joint capsule
C)   Attached to the bone surface by collagen bundles called Sharpey fibers
D)   Lines the medullary cavity
E)   Contains mature osteocytesF) B) and D)
G) A) and B) D

Question 8

In healthy bone canaliculi are likely to contain which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Capillaries
B)   Nerve axons
C)   Osteocytic processes
D)   Osteoid
E)   Osteoclasts in resorption lacunaeF) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

The major lubricant for diarthrotic joints is synthesized by cells located in which joint structure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nucleus pulposus
B)   Synovial membrane
C)   Articular cartilage
D)   Annulus fibrosus
E)   Fibrous capsuleF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

A 42-year-old woman, who has been a type I diabetic for 30 years, falls when she trips over the vacuum cleaner hose. She tried to break her fall by placing her hand out to save herself and in the process her wrist was forced backward, breaking her radius near the wrist. Which of the following is produced in the first step in healing this bone injury?

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteoid
B)   Hematoma
C)   Bony callus
D)   Fibrocartilage
E)   Compact boneF) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Exam 8: Bone

In the diaphysis of a typical long bone which of the following structures is in closest proximity to the trabeculae of cancellous bone?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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E

Correct Answer
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C

Which if the following most accurately describes compact bone?

Correct Answer
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Which "zone" of endochondral ossification in the growing femur of an adolescent is the farthest from that bone's secondary ossification center?

Correct Answer
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Which component of bone impedes the distribution of nutrients and oxygen to osteocytes?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following most accurately describes the endosteum?

Correct Answer
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D

In healthy bone canaliculi are likely to contain which one of the following?

Correct Answer
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The major lubricant for diarthrotic joints is synthesized by cells located in which joint structure?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Exam 8: Bone

In the diaphysis of a typical long bone which of the following structures is in closest proximity to the trabeculae of cancellous bone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which if the following most accurately describes compact bone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which "zone" of endochondral ossification in the growing femur of an adolescent is the farthest from that bone's secondary ossification center?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which component of bone impedes the distribution of nutrients and oxygen to osteocytes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following most accurately describes the endosteum?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

In healthy bone canaliculi are likely to contain which one of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major lubricant for diarthrotic joints is synthesized by cells located in which joint structure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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E

Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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D

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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