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During a dysphoric manic episode,the patient experiences mania and ___________.


A) schizophrenia
B) confusion
C) anxiety and depression
D) anger

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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When individuals who are biologically vulnerable to depression place themselves in high-risk stressful environments,it is called


A) humoral theory.
B) the cognitive-behavioral model.
C) the reciprocal gene-environment model.
D) a stress-depression linkage effect.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Andy is currently completing a chemical formula that he knows will cure cancer.Shortly before,he had submitted a book to a publisher and was sure that it would become a bestseller.For several weeks prior to this,he was bedridden,morose,had no energy,and lacked any spontaneity.He never left his bed and had to be cared for by his family.Andy's diagnosis is ________________.


A) major depressive disorder
B) dysthymic disorder
C) bipolar I
D) bipolar II

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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All of the following statements are true about ECT EXCEPT


A) electric shock is administered directly to the brain for less than a second.
B) patient response to antidepressant medication is poor.
C) for severely depressed patients with psychotic features, approximately 25% of those not responding to medication will benefit.
D) ECT treatments are administered every other day for a total of 6 to 10 treatments.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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In regard to the terms used to differentiate mood disorders,cyclothymic is to dysthymic as


A) bipolar is to major depressive.
B) manic is to hypomanic.
C) major depressive is to bipolar.
D) bipolar I is to bipolar II.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Milton has been mildly depressed for many years.Just recently,however,his depression deepened,and he was severely depressed for about three months.His deep depression then lifted and he was once again mildly depressed.Milton


A) will be easier to treat now that the severe depression is resolved.
B) will quickly respond to treatment and will recover completely from his depression.
C) will require a longer and more intense course of treatment to maintain a normal mood state.
D) will require treatment for the rest of his life.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Recently,there has been considerable interest in ____________ as an herbal treatment for depression.


A) Milk Thistle
B) St. John's Wort (hypericum)
C) Ginkgo Biloba
D) Saw Palmetto

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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The "rapid cycling" specifier is added to the diagnosis of bipolar disorder when a patient has had at least ________ manic or depressive episodes within a year.


A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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____________ is the only country that has a higher suicide rate for women than for men.


A) China
B) Africa
C) The United States
D) Taiwan

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the relationship between anxiety and depression?


A) Many depressed patients are or have been anxious and many anxious patients are or have been depressed.
B) Cognitive content (thinking) is more negative in anxious patients than in those with depression.
C) A core symptom of anxiety is the inability to experience pleasure.
D) Anxiety is often preceded by an episode of major depression.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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A common characteristic of depression in boys is ___________________.


A) aggression
B) passiveness
C) shyness
D) coping behavior

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Symptoms of severe depression are generally NOT considered a psychological disorder when they are associated with ________________.


A) a grief reaction
B) a manic episode
C) anxiety
D) thoughts of suicide

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Although glorifying and romanticizing suicide in the media contributes to copycat suicides,it is more likely that the person copying the suicide is


A) just doing it for attention.
B) vulnerable due to an existing psychological disorder.
C) not really serious about the suicide attempt.
D) trying to impress others.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Bipolar II disorder consists of


A) depression with hypomanic disorders.
B) depression with anxiety.
C) depression with mania.
D) depression with dysthymia.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Discuss the relationship between depression and anxiety.

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Research suggests that almost all depressed patients are anxious,but not all anxious patients are depressed.It appears that while anhedonia is key to depression,the key to anxiety is the experience of autonomic activation,which can also occur in depressed people.Research in this area suggests that we may eventually need to rethink our diagnostic criteria to combine anxiety and the mood disorders into one larger category.

Side effects of the tricyclic antidepressants include _______________.


A) weight loss
B) excessive urination
C) sexual dysfunction
D) insomnia

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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C

Stressful events are strongly related to the onset of ____________.


A) depression
B) bipolar disorder
C) both
D) neither

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is TRUE of depression in the elderly?


A) Being depressed triples the risk of death in the elderly.
B) Suicide rates are the second highest of any age group due to depression.
C) The prevalence of depression is almost equal among elderly men and women.
D) All of the above

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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C

In regard to mood disorders,there are additional criteria called specifiers that are used to determine length of treatment and prognosis.Which of the following is a longitudinal course specifier?


A) Anhedonia
B) Catelepsy
C) Postpartum onset
D) Interepisode recovery

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Suicide associated with bipolar disorder usually occurs during


A) a manic phase.
B) depressive episode.
C) either phase
D) between phases

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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