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Part-time work and job sharing provide flexibility but at the expense of reduced benefits compared to full-time employment.

A) True
B) False

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Theory Y is most suitable in a work situation in which workers are


A) in need of close supervision.
B) just beginning to learn their jobs.
C) highly motivated.
D) unskilled.
E) None of the above are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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A work schedule that allows employees to work ten hours a day for four days instead of eight hours a day for five days is an example of a flextime system.

A) True
B) False

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Lisa loves her work and feels that she is well recognized by her peers and superiors for the work that she does.These motivation factors are ____ for Lisa.


A) satisfiers
B) encouragers
C) rewards
D) bonuses
E) social fulfillment

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The need for self-actualization concerns an employee's desire for


A) safety.
B) survival.
C) a sense of belonging.
D) self-worth.
E) becoming the best there is.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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A growing number of companies are organizing their workforces into teams.

A) True
B) False

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Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes psychological needs, safety needs, social needs, security needs, and self-importance needs.

A) True
B) False

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Employee ownership is a situation in which


A) employees take much pride in their work and make decisions as though they owned the company.
B) employees actually buy a franchise, own it, and operate it on funds borrowed from the company.
C) employees own shares of stock in the company.
D) only employees own the stock of the company for which they work.
E) employees receive money to purchase stock in the company.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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The systematic use of reinforcement to encourage desirable organizational behavior is called _____.


A) behavior modification
B) replacement theory
C) equity theory
D) expectancy theory
E) reinforcement theory

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Theory X by Douglas McGregor is generally consistent with which other theory?


A) Taylor's
B) Herzberg's
C) Maslow's
D) Treybig's
E) Hawthorne's

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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When Mary Smith accepted a position with Xerox Corporation in San Francisco, she knew little about what to expect.However, all her fears soon dissolved.One week before she began, she received a thorough orientation to the company, was introduced to her coworkers, was invited to lunch daily, and was encouraged to join a company-sponsored employees' club.Xerox seems to be satisfying Mary's ____ needs.


A) esteem
B) self-actualization
C) physiological
D) social
E) safety

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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In the first set of Hawthorne experiments dealing with lighting, the main conclusion was that


A) the pressure of social acceptance affects production.
B) a sense of involvement affects production.
C) variations in lighting affect production.
D) the piece-rate method affects production.
E) only the amount of pay affects production.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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____ means giving employees greater involvement in their jobs and the organization's operations by increasing their participation in decision making.


A) Behavior modification
B) Flextime
C) Job sharing
D) Empowerment
E) Job enlargement

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The concepts of Theory X and Theory Y were advanced by _____.


A) Douglas McGregor
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Frederick Herzberg
D) Frederick W.Taylor
E) William Ouchi

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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Reinforcement theory is based on the premise that behavior that is rewarded is likely to be repeated.

A) True
B) False

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If Dow Chemical were to emphasize achievement, recognition, responsibility, and advancement for its employees, it would be emphasizing _____.


A) the soldiering method
B) Theory X over Theory Y
C) motivation factors
D) mainly dissatisfiers
E) hygiene factors

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Chad's boss demoted him when he did not meet his sales goal for the month.This action indicates the use of _____.


A) positive reinforcement
B) negative reinforcement
C) dismissal
D) punishment
E) extinction

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Goal-setting theory suggests that employees are more likely to experience a high degree of motivation when management assigns a series of specific goals for the employee to achieve.

A) True
B) False

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Sleep relates most directly to which level of need?


A) esteem
B) self-actualization
C) physiological
D) social
E) safety

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Mary Jo Lee received a special cash award for her perfect attendance record over the past two years.By giving this reward, this company is practicing


A) continual, repetitive reinforcement.
B) positive reinforcement.
C) negative reinforcement.
D) extinction.
E) disciplinary reinforcement.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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