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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 81

Multiple Choice

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Researchers David Nadler and Edward Lawler suggest that in order to use expectancy theory to improve worker motivation, the first thing managers should do is:

A) identify the critical path for the project.
B) determine what rewards are valued by employees.
C) ensure that the rewards are tied to the employee's performance.
D) decide on a way to monitor employee performance.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 82

Multiple Choice

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According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, which of the following would be an issue that requires the fulfillment of a lower order need?

A) The need for a challenging project at work.
B) The need for a promotion at work.
C) The need for a mentor to help you ascend within the company.
D) The need to locate your business in an area with a low crime rate.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 83

Multiple Choice

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UCLA management professor, William Ouchi's Theory Z embraced which of the following management ideals?

The tendency of employees to behave differently when they know they are being studied is known as the Taylor effect.

According to expectancy theory, the amount of effort employees exert on a specific task depends on their:

Kathleen is the new operations manager of a national stock brokerage firm. She recently attended a conference on the use of expectancy theory to motivate employees. In order to incorporate what she has learned, Kathleen should:

Which of the following statements is the best description of how scientific management viewed employees?

Talk about "shell-shock"! Two nights ago, Adam was living in a tent with thirty other Marines in the hills of Afghanistan. Today he is waking up to the smell of fresh linen, in a king-sized bed, in his very own room in DeKalb, Illinois. Three days ago, his first priority was the welfare of his battle buddies. This morning, his first priority (according to his family) is not wasting anytime and getting back into College. Although he has always believed in the importance of school and the respect that comes with achieving a degree, right now he is not quite in that frame of mind. His first desire is to spend time renewing old friendships, including organizing a couple of float trips and ball game nights with the group of friends he left behind. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,

According to Victor Vroom, which of the following questions is an employee likely to ask before deciding to exert his or her maximum effort toward completing a task?

As a motivational technique, open communication is enhanced when management provides several opportunities for employees to congregate and share ideas.

Frederick Taylor believed that workers existed to make management's job easier and more efficient. He believed that workers were interested in one thing: good pay. If a business provided good pay, workers would provide the grueling labor necessary to get the job done.

The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied is known as the:

As the marketing director for Chipper's Golf Resort, you are making plans for the annual golf tournament, and trying to decide on the amount for the top three prizes. In past years, you successfully raised $25,000 through registration fees and sponsorship. You know that you could easily attract some great local talent if you make the top prize $10,000; but, can you afford to announce a $10,000 top prize at the expense of losing out on a portion of the registration fee when others decide not to participate? Using expectancy theory rationale that you learned in business class, you explain to the general manager that if you set the prize too high, several better than average golfers in the area will find their chances to be "out of their league" and will be unmotivated to participate or spend the money. Your analysis of the situation is reasonable.

U.S. workers value being treated fairly. According to equity theory, if things seem unfair, they will either do their best to make them equitable either by withholding effort, increasing effort, or by rationalizing that they are undeserving of the same as others.

According to the Legal Briefcase, "Upset at UPS", companies are still transitioning from past practices of using scientific management principles when managing employees. UPS is hiring "thinking" workers who can make a variety of workplace decisions themselves and are less tolerant of companies that place rigid rules and physical requirements on employees. In the past, occupational safety issues have cost the company millions.

Open communication strategies include the removal of physical barriers such as separate offices.

Job simplification attempts to increase task efficiency by breaking the job into simple steps and assigning people to perform each of those steps.

To be competitive, recommended that American firms adopt a new management style that was a hybrid of the approaches used by Japanese firms and those used by American firms called .

It may be difficult to utilize the MBO (Management by Objectives) model when employees have not agreed upon the goals set by top management.

Job enrichment is based on Herzberg's higher motivators, such as responsibility, achievement, and recognition.