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Exam 7: Microbial Genetics

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Question 41

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Which of the following statements is true of bacterial plasmids?

A) They are small circular DNA molecules.
B) They can replicate autonomously.
C) They carry genes for essential metabolic functions.
D) They are always found in the nucleoid.
E) They are small circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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Question 42

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The structure of DNA explains both its ability to encode genetic information and the way in which it is copied during cell reproduction.

A) True
B) False

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Question 43

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Most bacteria have a natural ability to take up DNA from their environment.

A(n) (genome/codon/operon) is a set of prokaryotic genes that are regulated and transcribed as a unit.

A protein has altered function as a result of a single amino acid substitution in the polypeptide. This change resulted from a (missense/nonsense/silent) mutation.

In generalized transduction, viruses carry random DNA sequences from one cell to another.

The procedure known as "replica plating" is used in

A codon is a particular combination of three nucleotides. Therefore, there are possible combinations of the nucleotides A, C, G, and T.

Bacterial strain A contains a plasmid. Bacterial strain B does not. When the bacteria are incubated together in a broth culture strain B cells containing the plasmid can be isolated. Devise an experiment to determine what type of gene transfer process is involved.

Which of the following is NOT involved the packaging of eukaryotic chromosomes?

Transfer of DNA between bacterial cells by viruses is called (transformation/transduction/conjugation).

The phenotype of an organism reflects only part of its genotype.

The events of are initiated at sequences called origins.

The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA strands during DNA replication is (topoisomerase/primase/helicase).

If the codon AAA is changed to AAG, it still codes for the amino acid lysine; this is an example of a