Question 1

Developmentalist Arnold Gesell proposed that motor development comes about through

Accepted Answer

A)   repeated experiences.
B)   the unfolding of a genetic plan.
C)   positive reinforcement.
D)   a conducive environment.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Your professor says that our perception brings us into contact with the environment in order to interact with and adapt to it. This indicates that he holds a(n)  ________ view on perceptual development.

Accepted Answer

A)   ethological
B)   ecological
C)   evolutionary
D)   geneticE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following theories states that the consequences of a behavior produce changes in the probability of the behavior's occurrence?

Accepted Answer

A)   theory of operant conditioning
B)   dual process theory
C)   attention schema theory
D)   theory of social reinforcementE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

________ are built-in reactions to stimuli; they govern a newborn's movements, which are automatic and beyond the newborn's control.

Accepted Answer

A)   Instincts
B)   Reflexes
C)   Impulses
D)   UrgesE) C) and D)
F) All of the above B

Question 5

Which of the following is true of breast feeding with regard to overweight infants?

Accepted Answer

A)   If complementary foods are introduced after breast feeding, the risk of obesity increases by approximately 20 percent in breast-fed infants.
B)   Breast-fed infants are more likely to become overweight or obese in adulthood.
C)   Compared with bottle-fed infants, breast-fed infants have more gastrointestinal infections that can lead to obesity.
D)   Breast-fed infants have lower rates of weight gain than bottle-fed infants in childhood and adolescence.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

According to dynamic systems theory, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   infants assemble motor skills for perceiving and acting
B)   infants' perception and action are disconnected
C)   motor development comes about through the unfolding of a genetic plan
D)   infants fine-tune their movements before they perceive something in their environmentE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true of the electroencephalogram (EEG) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is a measure of the brain's electrical activity and is used to learn about the brain's development in infancy.
B)   It uses very low levels of near-infrared light to monitor changes in blood oxygen in infants' brains.
C)   It is an imaging technique that uses strong magnetic fields to generate images of the organs in the body.
D)   It is an imaging technique that uses computer-processed X-ray measurements to produce cross-sectional images of the organs in the body.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

________ occurs when information interacts with sensory receptors-the eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and skin.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sensation
B)   Perception
C)   Reception
D)   TransitionE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Jean Piaget believed that cognition in one stage is ________ that in another stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   qualitatively different from
B)   quantitatively different from
C)   qualitatively similar to
D)   quantitatively similar toE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Jake, age 11 months, is able to pick up cereal and bits of fruit off the tray of his high chair by grasping them with his thumb and forefinger. Jake has developed the

Accepted Answer

A)   palmar grasp.
B)   pincer grip.
C)   Moro reflex.
D)   fencing reflex.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 11

According to neuroscientists, which of the following is true of how the brain is wired or rewired?

Accepted Answer

A)   Repeated experience is what wires the brain or rewires it.
B)   Genes solely determine how the brain is wired or rewired.
C)   Environmental conditions solely determine how the brain is wired or rewired.
D)   The wiring of the brain remains constant as its plasticity is dictated by heredity.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true about brain development?

Accepted Answer

A)   The brain grows exponentially from conception to birth, causing the brain to be completely developed at birth.
B)   The process of brain development continues through the first year after birth and then stops.
C)   Extensive brain development continues after birth, through infancy and later.
D)   Brain development continues after birth only among premature babies.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

________ involves the retention of information over time.

Accepted Answer

A)   Attention
B)   Memory
C)   Cognition
D)   OrganizationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following is involved in providing energy to neurons and aids communication?

Accepted Answer

A)   perception
B)   lateralization
C)   myelination
D)   habituationE) All of the above
F) A) and C) C

Question 15

In the field of perceptual development, nature proponents are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

nativists

Question 16

The view of development that sees motor skills development as a solution to an infant's problems is known as ________ systems theory.

Accepted Answer

A)   dynamic
B)   maturational
C)   static
D)   environmentalE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Donna's doctor recommends that she breast feed her newborn. Research conclusively indicates that breast feeding has several positive outcomes for the mother, including a

Accepted Answer

A)   speedy return to prepregnancy weight.
B)   reduced risk of osteoporosis.
C)   reduction in the incidence of ovarian cancer.
D)   reduced incidence of postpartum depression.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

The ________ pattern of growth is the developmental sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities.

Accepted Answer

A)   proximodistal
B)   proximocaudal
C)   cephalocaudal
D)   cephalodistalE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Infants can see objects before they can control their torso, and they can use their hands long before they can crawl or walk. This would indicate that they have a ________ pattern of growth.

Accepted Answer

A)   proximodistal
B)   proximocaudal
C)   cephalodistal
D)   cephalocaudalE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following technologies, a measure of the brain's electrical activity, have researchers been able to use successfully to learn about the brain's development in infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   positron-emission tomography (PET)  scans
B)   magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 
C)   brain electron sampling (BES) 
D)   electroencephalogram (EEG) E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 3: Physical and Cognitive Dvelopment in Infancy

Developmentalist Arnold Gesell proposed that motor development comes about through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your professor says that our perception brings us into contact with the environment in order to interact with and adapt to it. This indicates that he holds a(n) ________ view on perceptual development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following theories states that the consequences of a behavior produce changes in the probability of the behavior's occurrence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ are built-in reactions to stimuli; they govern a newborn's movements, which are automatic and beyond the newborn's control.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following is true of breast feeding with regard to overweight infants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to dynamic systems theory, ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of the electroencephalogram (EEG) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ occurs when information interacts with sensory receptors-the eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and skin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jean Piaget believed that cognition in one stage is ________ that in another stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jake, age 11 months, is able to pick up cereal and bits of fruit off the tray of his high chair by grasping them with his thumb and forefinger. Jake has developed the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to neuroscientists, which of the following is true of how the brain is wired or rewired?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about brain development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ involves the retention of information over time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is involved in providing energy to neurons and aids communication?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

In the field of perceptual development, nature proponents are referred to as ________.

Correct Answerverifiednativists

The view of development that sees motor skills development as a solution to an infant's problems is known as ________ systems theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Donna's doctor recommends that she breast feed her newborn. Research conclusively indicates that breast feeding has several positive outcomes for the mother, including a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ pattern of growth is the developmental sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants can see objects before they can control their torso, and they can use their hands long before they can crawl or walk. This would indicate that they have a ________ pattern of growth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following technologies, a measure of the brain's electrical activity, have researchers been able to use successfully to learn about the brain's development in infancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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